Which term could describe a cutting criticism?

The term "trenchant" accurately describes a cutting criticism because it refers to something that is sharp, incisive, and clearly defined. In the context of a criticism, being trenchant means that the critique is not only pointed and severe but also highly perceptive, penetrating to the core of the issue being addressed. This quality makes it particularly effective and often uncomfortable for the person receiving the feedback, as it cuts through any pretenses or defenses they may have.

The other terms do not convey the same nuance of incisiveness associated with sharp critiques. For instance, "quell" suggests suppressing or calming something rather than providing criticism. "Nocturnal" relates to nighttime activities, having no direct connection to criticism. "Inveterate" means established and unlikely to change, often referring to habits or ideas, and does not imply the sharpness or directness that "trenchant" does. Thus, "trenchant" stands out as the most appropriate choice for describing a cutting criticism.